Weather intelligence for forestry & nature

See drought and fire risk
forming in the ground
before it reaches the canopy

Forest drought and wildfire risk build slowly across weeks — in the leaf litter, in the root zone, in the soil. MeteoA measures at every layer so managers can act long before conditions become critical.

Talk to us about your forest See the challenges ↓
01 Drought Risk 02 Fire Risk 03 Sensor Network
Challenge 01  Â·  Drought Risk

Drought starts at the roots — measure it there

Forest drought stress is a slow, cumulative process that becomes visible in the canopy only after weeks of water deficit have already weakened root systems and made trees vulnerable to bark beetle attack, pathogen infection, and wind throw. By the time leaves are yellowing or crown dieback is visible, the critical window for intervention has passed.

MeteoA deploys a layered soil moisture monitoring system calibrated for forest conditions. Capacitance probes at 30 cm capture root-zone moisture — the primary driver of tree water stress. Probes at 100 cm track deeper soil water reserves that determine whether drought will persist across a dry season. A leaf litter moisture sensor at the surface measures the dryness of the decomposing organic layer — the first indicator of drought stress and a key input to fire risk.

These measurements, combined with local air temperature, humidity, and evapotranspiration calculations from a co-located weather station, feed a continuous drought index for your forest parcels. Managers receive alerts when moisture levels fall below species-specific stress thresholds, giving time to prioritise high-risk areas for monitoring, targeted irrigation where feasible, or preparation for emergency response.

Litter layer
Surface moisture
Root zone
30 cm capacitance
Deep reserve
100 cm capacitance
ET calc
Penman-Monteith
// Forest soil moisture profile — beech parcel NW · live
Leaf litter
18%
Dry ⚠
30 cm root
31%
Stressed
100 cm deep
47%
Adequate
// 30-day soil moisture trend — 30 cm root zone
stress
30 days ago15 days agoToday
// Drought index — forest water stress
None
Extreme
Moderate–High
Root zone approaching stress threshold · 14-day forecast dry
Challenge 02  Â·  Fire Risk

Fire risk is the intersection of fuel dryness and weather

Wildfire ignition and spread are determined by three factors acting together: the dryness and continuity of fuel, the temperature and humidity of the air above it, and the wind speed that supplies oxygen and carries embers. None of these can be reliably inferred from a regional station — they must be measured locally and combined.

MeteoA's forest weather stations measure all necessary fire weather inputs: air temperature and humidity at canopy height, wind speed and direction, solar radiation, and precipitation. These are combined with litter moisture readings from the surface sensor to compute the Van Wagner Fine Fuel Moisture Content and the Canadian Fire Weather Index system — the standard methods used by forestry agencies across Europe and North America.

LoEco delivers a real-time fire risk dashboard updated every 10 minutes, with automated alert escalation when the Fire Weather Index or Fine Fuel Moisture Code reach configurable thresholds. Alerts reach forest wardens, operational teams, and regional fire services with the lead time needed to pre-position resources, restrict access, and coordinate with authorities.

Index
Canadian FWI
Fuel moisture
Van Wagner FFMC
Trigger
Configurable alert
Recipients
Wardens · fire svc
// Fire weather index — Veluwe forest station · live
24
FWI
Air temperature29.2 °C
Relative humidity28 %
Wind speed5.4 m/s
Litter moisture12 %
Days since rain11 days
Fine Fuel MC
FFMC 88
Duff MC
DMC 34
Build-up
BUI 42
High fire risk — FWI 24, FFMC 88. Warden alert dispatched. Public access advisory active.

A layered sensor network tuned for forest conditions

Each measurement layer captures a different part of the drought and fire system — from the forest floor to the air above the canopy.

🍂

Leaf litter surface sensor

Measures the gravimetric or dielectric moisture content of the decomposing organic layer at the forest floor — the primary fine fuel for ground fire ignition. The fastest-responding moisture indicator in the system, it reacts within hours to rainfall or drying wind.

Surface · fine fuel
🌱

30 cm root-zone probe

Capacitance soil moisture sensor at 30 cm depth — the critical zone for tree root water uptake in most Northern European forest soils. Declining moisture at this depth directly signals tree drought stress before above-ground symptoms appear.

Root zone · stress
💧

100 cm deep reserve probe

Deep capacitance probe tracking subsoil water reserves. Sandy and loamy forest soils lose deep water slowly — the 100 cm reading indicates whether drought is seasonal or whether the forest is entering a prolonged multi-week deficit with limited recovery potential.

Deep reserve · persistence
🌡️

Forest weather station

Air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar radiation, and precipitation measured at a representative location within or at the edge of the forest parcel. Provides the meteorological inputs for ET calculation, fire weather indices, and drought modelling.

Full met · canopy height
📡

LoRaWAN connectivity

All sensors transmit via LoRaWAN — long-range, low-power radio requiring no mains power and no SIM card. Battery-operated nodes run for multiple years without servicing, making deep-forest deployment practical and cost-effective even in remote parcels.

No mains · no SIM
📊

LoEco dashboard & alerts

All data feeds into the LoEco platform — visualised as time series, moisture profiles, and fire risk dashboards. Configurable thresholds trigger automated alerts to forest managers, wardens, and fire services when conditions approach critical levels.

Dashboard · alerts

From forest floor sensor to risk decision

A four-step pipeline from instrument deployment to early warning.

01

Network design & siting

We select sensor locations to represent your forest parcels — accounting for soil type, tree species, aspect, and proximity to access routes or high-risk areas such as recreation trails and road edges.

02

Battery-powered deployment

All sensors install without mains power or network cabling. LoRaWAN nodes operate for years on primary batteries — practical for remote locations deep within forest blocks where power infrastructure is absent.

03

Indices computed continuously

Drought indices, Fine Fuel Moisture Content, and Canadian Fire Weather Index components are recalculated every 10 minutes from the measured inputs — giving a continuously updated risk picture, not a once-daily morning estimate.

04

Alerts, dashboard & reporting

Automated threshold alerts reach wardens and fire services before conditions become critical. Historical data supports post-event analysis, insurance documentation, and multi-year climate trend assessment for forest management planning.

Understand your forest's drought and fire risk — in real time

Tell us about your forest parcels, soil conditions, and the decisions you need to make. We'll design a sensor network, propose alert thresholds, and deliver a dashboard tailored to your management needs.

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